The cow is the most common animal in rural backyards. Clean air, grazing areas and good barns allow you to get high-quality milk and meat from these animals. And the presence of markets for agricultural products makes it possible to turn the breeding of cows into a profitable business.
Instructions
Step 1
First, decide for what purpose you plan to breed cows. There are several options, for example, for milk production, sale of young animals, meat production.
Step 2
Once you have decided on the goals of breeding cattle, you need to find a suitable room. Use an old-style building, such a structure can be a barn or barn. The temperature in the room where the cows are kept should be at least 12 degrees Celsius. It is necessary to monitor the absence of drafts so as not to catch colds of animals. After finding or building the necessary premises, start buying animals. In doing so, you can use the advice of an experienced breeder.
Step 3
Cows with a high milk yield are usually characterized by several traits. This is a thin skeleton, insufficiently developed muscles, a barrel-shaped body. Such animals have an elongated head and thin horns. They have large udders that are covered with fine hair. If the cow gives little milk, the udder after milking practically does not change in size, remains firm and fleshy. The shape of the udder should be bowl-shaped, but not round.
Step 4
If you choose meat breeds, then pay attention to the weight of the animal, the payback of feed for its content, high quality carcasses, high growth rate of young animals in a short period.
Step 5
Then you have to start looking for options for marketing the finished product. To do this, you can conclude an agreement for the supply of dairy products with the nearest dairy. If the purpose of breeding cows is to obtain meat, you can sell the goods through meat processing plants. In the fall, you can sell your products at fairs. If you are planning to breed a large number of livestock, it is better to register as an individual entrepreneur.
Step 6
calves for a walk, starting at 20 minutes a day, increasing the duration of the stay in the fresh air to 5 hours. Calves should not be allowed outside in rainy, windy weather, or graze them in the dew.
Step 7
To help your calves grow better, give them a special hay infusion. You need to cook it yourself. Take 1 kg of hay, chop it finely, pour 6-7 liters of hot water (70-80 degrees). This solution should be infused for 6-7 hours, well covered with a warm blanket on top. Then strain the infusion and give them ½ liter of calves a day.
Step 8
It is useful to give carrots, yeast, egg yolk to calves. This will compensate for the lack of vitamins in their bodies and contribute to better milk yield of cows in the future. Feeding one calf will require 400 liters of milk, 240 kg of hay, 2-3 kg of salt, 150 kg of root crops, 250 kg of silage, 100 kg of pelleted feed and 180 kg of concentrated feed.
Step 9
The cows are milked three times. Usually, at 5-6 o'clock, at 13-14 and 20 o'clock. The udder must be washed before milking. In the fall, cows are taken to separate enclosures next to the barns for 2-4 hours a day.
Step 10
Cows can suffer from a variety of diseases, but the most common are sciatica, mastitis, enterocolitis and postpartum paresis. At the first manifestations of poor health, fever, decreased milk production or weakness, you need to call a veterinarian, who will conduct an examination and draw a conclusion about a particular diagnosis.
