There are many different types of wasps in nature. All of them belong to the family of Hymenoptera and are mostly social insects with a very high vital organization.
Public and solitary wasps
Social wasps usually live in families, numbering from several tens to several hundred individuals. They have a division of responsibilities within the community. The queen lays eggs and takes care of the welfare of the offspring, working wasps build a nest and hunt. Single wasps do everything on their own and spend almost their entire life without needing the company of their own kind.
Vespiary
Wasps build their house for breeding and feeding offspring, which they touchingly take care of, supplying food and protecting from the encroachments of various predators.
The variety of architectural forms and materials used by wasps in the construction of nests is so diverse that it can hardly be found elsewhere in nature. Most of the wasps build their house out of paper. The method of obtaining paper was known to wasps long before the discovery of this material by the Chinese sages. Chewing pieces of wood, grasses and other plant fibers, with the help of enzymes contained in saliva, insects obtain cellulose, from which small thin sheets of paper are made. By gluing them together in a special way, the wasps get paper honeycombs. The combs are attached to the surface directly or by means of a thin "leg", which helps to regulate the temperature regime, protecting the nest and the larvae in it from overheating.
Single earthen wasps build nests, dig holes in the ground, into which they drag a fat larva, paralyzed by poison to feed their offspring, they lay an egg on it. A larva supplied with "live canned food" can develop safely and satisfyingly before pupation.
Carpenter wasps build nests by gnawing holes in rotten wood, finishing the surface of the nest from the inside with a kind of "paper wallpaper" for reasons of strength and hygiene. Wasp-potters sculpt original "cassettes" from clay for laying eggs. Some types of wasps are even capable of using tools. They cover their nest and close the entrance to the burrow with small pebbles, which they find and bring to the nest with the help of their powerful mandibles.
Large solitary wasps such as skoli and hornets do not build houses at all. They find huge beetle larvae in heaps of humus and manure, lay their eggs in them. The wasp larva hatches on its own, eats the delicacy preserved for it and pupates.
This is how smart wasps live - tireless hunters and caring parents.
