The main way most birds move is flying. Some birds are unable to fly. Other ways are walking and running on the ground, climbing trees, swimming.
Instructions
Step 1
The body of floating birds has certain characteristics that make it possible to comfortably spend time on the water. It has a somewhat flattened shape, the plumage is dense, the down layer is more abundant. There are leathery membranes between the toes, which increase the power of the stroke. During swimming, the legs are slightly back. Many birds, in addition, can also dive: some jump into the water from a dive, others dive really deep.
Step 2
Both the birds that know how to swim and those that do not know how to dive from the dive. They grab prey, after which their body is immediately thrown to the surface. Such birds have few special adaptations; the plumage density is somewhat increased. Other birds can dive to considerable depths and move in the water column. They have few cavities with air in their bones, high plumage density, shortened wings, and more hemoglobin in their blood. The hip joint is pushed back. On land, these birds are clumsy. Scuba diving is done with feet and wings.
Step 3
In the branches of trees, birds move by leaps, helping themselves with periodic flaps of their wings. Three toes of the hind limb are directed forward, one is directed backward. This structure allows the paw to grip the branch firmly. Some of the climbing birds have two toes pointing back and two forward. Many also have a powerful beak that helps to grab. The leg muscles are strongly developed, the claws are sharp, the strength of the tail helps to hold. These factors have enabled many birds to excel at climbing steep surfaces. A large percentage of birds move freely on the ground by jumping or rearranging their legs. The fingers of such birds are shortened. Some flying and swimming birds practically do not go: swallows, swifts, gagra.
Step 4
Birds can fly due to the complex physiology of the body. The wing is slightly convex above, concave below, its anterior margin is thickened. A region of reduced pressure is formed above the wing due to the air flow, and it rises upward. When the wing is lowered, there is a pulling force that pushes the bird forward, and a lift force that overcomes the force of gravity. The extended tail plays an important role in flight control. The flight is flapping and soaring.
Step 5
Flapping flight is a rhythmic raising and lowering of the wing. The bird can change the frequency of flaps, the inclination of the wings, which largely depends on the structure of the body of a particular species. Some birds flutter occasionally, others flutter in flight. During soaring flight, the bird moves due to the energy of air currents.
